BELIEFS
- 28 Fundamental Beliefs
Seventh-day
Adventists accept the Bible as their only creed and hold certain
fundamental beliefs to be the teaching of the Holy Scriptures.
These beliefs, as set forth here, constitute the church's understanding
and expression of the teaching of Scripture. Revision of these
statements may be expected at a General
Conference session when the church is led by the Holy Spirit
to a fuller understanding of Bible truth or finds better language
in which to express the teachings of God's Holy Word.
1.
The Holy Scriptures
The Holy Scriptures, Old and New
Testaments, are the written Word of God, given by divine inspiration
through holy men of God who spoke and wrote as they were moved by
the Holy Spirit. In this Word, God has committed to man the knowledge
necessary for salvation. The Holy Scriptures are the infallible revelation
of His will. They are the standard of character, the test of experience,
the authoritative revealer of doctrines, and the trustworthy record
of God's acts in history. (2 Peter 1:20, 21; 2 Tim. 3:16, 17; Ps.
119:105; Prov. 30:5, 6; Isa. 8:20; John 17:17; 1 Thess. 2:13; Heb.
4:12.)
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2.
The Trinity
There is one God: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, a unity of three co-eternal
Persons. God is immortal, all-powerful, all-knowing, above all, and ever present.
He is infinite and beyond human comprehension, yet known through His self-revelation.
He is forever worthy of worship, adoration, and service by the whole creation.
(Deut. 6:4; Matt. 28:19; 2 Cor. 13:14; Eph. 4:4-6; 1 Peter 1:2; 1 Tim. 1:17;
Rev. 14:7.)
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3.
The Father
God the eternal Father is the Creator, Source, Sustainer, and Sovereign of
all creation. He is just and holy, merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and
abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness. The qualities and powers exhibited
in the Son and the Holy Spirit are also revelations of the Father. (Gen. 1:1;
Rev. 4:11; 1 Cor. 15:28; John 3:16; 1 John 4:8; 1 Tim. 1:17; Ex. 34:6, 7; John
14:9.)
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4.
The Son
God the eternal Son became incarnate in Jesus Christ. Through Him all things
were created, the character of God is revealed, the salvation
of humanity is accomplished, and the world is judged. Forever truly God, He
became also truly man, Jesus the Christ. He was conceived of the Holy Spirit
and born of the virgin Mary. He lived and experienced temptation as a human
being, but perfectly exemplified the righteousness and love of God. By His
miracles He manifested God's power and was attested as God's promised Messiah.
He suffered and died voluntarily on the cross for our sins and in our place,
was raised from the dead, and ascended to minister in the heavenly sanctuary
in our behalf. He will come again in glory for the final deliverance of His
people and the restoration of all things. (John 1:1-3, 14; Col. 1:15-19; John
10:30; 14:9; Rom. 6:23; 2 Cor. 5:17-19; John 5:22; Luke 1:35; Phil. 2:5-11;
Heb. 2:9-18; 1 Cor. 15:3, 4; Heb. 8:1, 2; John 14:1-3.)
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5.
The Holy Spirit
God the eternal Spirit was active with the Father and the Son in Creation,
incarnation, and redemption. He inspired the writers of Scripture. He filled
Christ's life with power. He draws and convicts human beings; and those who
respond He renews and transforms into the image of God. Sent by the Father
and the Son to be always with His children, He extends spiritual gifts to the
church, empowers it to bear witness to Christ, and in harmony with the Scriptures
leads it into all truth. (Gen. 1:1, 2; Luke 1:35; 4:18; Acts 10:38; 2 Peter
1:21; 2 Cor. 3:18; Eph. 4:11, 12; Acts 1:8; John 14:16-18, 26; 15:26, 27; 16:7-13.)
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6.
Creation
God is Creator of all things, and has revealed in Scripture
the authentic account of His creative activity. In six days
the Lord made "the heaven and the
earth" and all living things upon the earth, and rested on the seventh
day of that first week. Thus He established the Sabbath as a perpetual memorial
of His completed creative work. The first man and woman were made in the image
of God as the crowning work of Creation, given dominion over the world, and
charged with responsibility to care for it. When the world was finished it
was ``very good,'' declaring the glory of God. (Gen. 1; 2; Ex. 20:8-11; Ps.
19:1-6; 33:6, 9; 104; Heb. 11:3.)
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7.
The Nature of Man
Man and woman were made in the image of God with individuality, the power and
freedom to think and to do. Though created free beings, each is an indivisible
unity of body, mind, and spirit, dependent upon God for life and breath and
all else. When our first parents disobeyed God, they denied their dependence
upon Him and fell from their high position under God. The image of God in them
was marred and they became subject to death. Their descendants share this fallen
nature and its consequences. They are born with weaknesses and tendencies to
evil. But God in Christ reconciled the world to Himself and by His Spirit restores
in penitent mortals the image of their Maker. Created for the glory of God,
they are called to love Him and one another, and to care for their environment.
(Gen. 1:26-28; 2:7; Ps. 8:4-8; Acts 17:24-28; Gen. 3; Ps. 51:5; Rom. 5:12-17;
2 Cor. 5:19, 20; Ps. 51:10; 1 John 4:7, 8, 11, 20; Gen. 2:15.)
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8.
The Great Controversy
All humanity is now involved in a great controversy between Christ and Satan
regarding the character of God, His law, and His sovereignty over the universe.
This conflict originated in heaven when a created being, endowed with freedom
of choice, in self-exaltation became Satan, God's adversary, and led into rebellion
a portion of the angels. He introduced the spirit of rebellion into this world
when he led Adam and Eve into sin. This human sin resulted in the distortion
of the image of God in humanity, the disordering of the created world, and
its eventual devastation at the time of the worldwide flood. Observed by the
whole creation, this world became the arena of the universal conflict, out
of which the God of love will ultimately be vindicated. To assist His people
in this controversy, Christ sends the Holy Spirit and the loyal angels to guide,
protect, and sustain them in the way of salvation. (Rev. 12:4-9; Isa. 14:12-14;
Eze. 28:12-18; Gen. 3; Rom. 1:19-32; 5:12-21; 8:19-22; Gen. 6-8; 2 Peter 3:6;
1 Cor. 4:9; Heb. 1:14.)
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9.
The Life, Death and Ressurection of Christ
In Christ's life of perfect obedience to God's will, His suffering, death,
and resurrection, God provided the only means of atonement for human sin, so
that those who by faith accept this atonement may have eternal life, and the
whole creation may better understand the infinite and holy love of the Creator.
This perfect atonement vindicates the righteousness of God's law and the graciousness
of His character; for it both condemns our sin and provides for our forgiveness.
The death of Christ is substitutionary and expiatory, reconciling and transforming.
The resurrection of Christ proclaims God's triumph over the forces of evil,
and for those who accept the atonement assures their final victory over sin
and death. It declares the Lordship of Jesus Christ, before whom every knee
in heaven and on earth will bow. (John 3:16; Isa. 53; 1 Peter 2:21, 22; 1 Cor.
15:3, 4, 20-22; 2 Cor. 5:14, 15, 19-21; Rom. 1:4; 3:25; 4:25; 8:3, 4; 1 John
2:2; 4:10; Col. 2:15; Phil. 2:6-11.)
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10.
The Experience of Salvation
In infinite love and mercy God made Christ, who knew no sin, to be sin for
us, so that in Him we might be made the righteousness of God. Led by the Holy
Spirit we sense our need, acknowledge our sinfulness, repent of our transgressions,
and exercise faith in Jesus as Lord and Christ, as Substitute and Example.
This faith which receives salvation comes through the divine power of the Word
and is the gift of God's grace. Through Christ we are justified, adopted as
God's sons and daughters, and delivered from the lordship of sin. Through the
Spirit we are born again and sanctified; the Spirit renews our minds, writes
God's law of love in our hearts, and we are given the power to live a holy
life. Abiding in Him we become partakers of the divine nature and have the
assurance of salvation now and in the judgment. (2 Cor. 5:17-21; John 3:16;
Gal. 1:4; 4:4-7; Titus 3:3-7; John 16:8; Gal. 3:13, 14; 1 Peter 2:21, 22; Rom.
10:17; Luke 17:5; Mark 9:23, 24; Eph. 2:5-10; Rom. 3:21-26; Col. 1:13, 14;
Rom. 8:14-17; Gal. 3:26; John 3:3-8; 1 Peter 1:23; Rom. 12:2; Heb. 8:7-12;
Eze. 36:25-27; 2 Peter 1:3, 4; Rom. 8:1-4; 5:6-10.)
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11.
Growing in Christ
By His death on the cross Jesus triumphed over the forces of evil. He who subjugated
the demonic spirits during His earthly ministry has broken their power and
made certain their ultimate doom. Jesus' victory gives us victory over the
evil forces that still seek to control us, as we walk with Him in peace, joy,
and assurance of His love. Now the Holy Spirit dwells within us and empowers
us. Continually committed to Jesus as our Saviour and Lord, we are set free
from the burden of our past deeds. No longer do we live in the darkness, fear
of evil powers, ignorance, and meaninglessness of our former way of life. In
this new freedom in Jesus, we are called to grow into the likeness of His character,
communing with Him daily in prayer, feeding on His Word, meditating on it and
on His providence, singing His praises, gathering together for worship, and
participating in the mission of the Church. As we give ourselves in loving
service to those around us and in witnessing to His salvation, His constant
presence with us through the Spirit transforms every moment and every task
into a spiritual experience. (Ps 1:1, 2; 23:4; 77:11, 12; Col 1:13, 14; 2:6,
14, 15; Luke 10:17-20; Eph 5:19, 20; 6:12-18; 1 Thess 5:23; 2 Peter 2:9; 3:18;
2 Cor. 3:17, 18; Phil 3:7-14; 1 Thess 5:16-18; Matt 20:25-28; John 20:21; Gal
5:22-25; Rom 8:38, 39; 1 John 4:4; Heb 10:25.)
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12.
The Church
The church is the community of believers who confess Jesus Christ as Lord and
Saviour. In continuity with the people of God in Old Testament times, we are
called out from the world; and we join together for worship, for fellowship,
for instruction in the Word, for the celebration of the Lord's Supper, for
service to all mankind, and for the worldwide proclamation of the gospel. The
church derives its authority from Christ, who is the incarnate Word, and from
the Scriptures, which are the written Word. The church is God's family; adopted
by Him as children, its members live on the basis of the new covenant. The
church is the body of Christ, a community of faith of which Christ Himself
is the Head. The church is the bride for whom Christ died that He might sanctify
and cleanse her. At His return in triumph, He will present her to Himself a
glorious church, the faithful of all the ages, the purchase of His blood, not
having spot or wrinkle, but holy and without blemish. (Gen. 12:3; Acts 7:38;
Eph. 4:11-15; 3:8-11; Matt. 28:19, 20; 16:13-20; 18:18; Eph. 2:19-22; 1:22,
23; 5:23-27; Col. 1:17, 18.)
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13.
The Remnant and Its Mission
The universal church is composed of all who truly believe in Christ, but in
the last days, a time of widespread apostasy, a remnant has been called out
to keep the commandments of God and the faith of Jesus. This remnant announces
the arrival of the judgment hour, proclaims salvation through Christ, and heralds
the approach of His second advent. This proclamation is symbolized by the three
angels of Revelation 14; it coincides with the work of judgment in heaven and
results in a work of repentance and reform on earth. Every believer is called
to have a personal part in this worldwide witness. (Rev. 12:17; 14:6-12; 18:1-4;
2 Cor. 5:10; Jude 3, 14; 1 Peter 1:16-19; 2 Peter 3:10-14; Rev. 21:1-14.)
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14.
Unity in the Body of Christ
The church is one body with many members, called from every nation, kindred,
tongue, and people. In Christ we are a new creation; distinctions of race,
culture, learning, and nationality, and differences between high and low, rich
and poor, male and female, must not be divisive among us. We are all equal
in Christ, who by one Spirit has bonded us into one fellowship with Him and
with one another; we are to serve and be served without partiality or reservation.
Through the revelation of Jesus Christ in the Scriptures we share the same
faith and hope, and reach out in one witness to all. This unity has its source
in the oneness of the triune God, who has adopted us as His children. (Rom.
12:4, 5; 1 Cor. 12:12-14; Matt. 28:19, 20; Ps. 133:1; 2 Cor. 5:16, 17; Acts
17:26, 27; Gal. 3:27, 29; Col. 3:10-15; Eph. 4:14-16; 4:1-6; John 17:20-23.)
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15.
Baptism
By baptism we confess our faith in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ,
and testify of our death to sin and of our purpose to walk in newness of life.
Thus we acknowledge Christ as Lord and Saviour, become His people, and are
received as members by His church. Baptism is a symbol of our union with Christ,
the forgiveness of our sins, and our reception of the Holy Spirit. It is by
immersion in water and is contingent on an affirmation of faith in Jesus and
evidence of repentance of sin. It follows instruction in the Holy Scriptures
and acceptance of their teachings. (Rom. 6:1-6; Col. 2:12, 13; Acts 16:30-33;
22:16; 2:38; Matt. 28:19, 20.)
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16.
The Lord's Supper
The Lord's Supper is a participation in the emblems of the body and blood of
Jesus as an expression of faith in Him, our Lord and Saviour. In this experience
of communion Christ is present to meet and strengthen His people. As we partake,
we joyfully proclaim the Lord's death until He comes again. Preparation for
the Supper includes self-examination, repentance, and confession. The Master
ordained the service of foot washing to signify renewed cleansing, to express
a willingness to serve one another in Christlike humility, and to unite our
hearts in love. The communion service is open to all believing Christians.
(1 Cor. 10:16, 17; 11:23-30; Matt. 26:17-30; Rev. 3:20; John 6:48-63; 13:1-17.)
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17.
Spiritual Gifts and Ministries
God bestows upon all members of His church in every age spiritual gifts which
each member is to employ in loving ministry for the common good of the church
and of humanity. Given by the agency of the Holy Spirit, who apportions to
each member as He wills, the gifts provide all abilities and ministries needed
by the church to fulfill its divinely ordained functions. According to the
Scriptures, these gifts include such ministries as faith, healing, prophecy,
proclamation, teaching, administration, reconciliation, compassion, and self-sacrificing
service and charity for the help and encouragement of people. Some members
are called of God and endowed by the Spirit for functions recognized by the
church in pastoral, evangelistic, apostolic, and teaching ministries particularly
needed to equip the members for service, to build up the church to spiritual
maturity, and to foster unity of the faith and knowledge of God. When members
employ these spiritual gifts as faithful stewards of God's varied grace, the
church is protected from the destructive influence of false doctrine, grows
with a growth that is from God, and is built up in faith and love. (Rom. 12:4-8;
1 Cor. 12:9-11, 27, 28; Eph. 4:8, 11-16; Acts 6:1-7; 1 Tim. 3:1-13; 1 Peter
4:10, 11.)
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18.
The Gift of Prophecy
One of the gifts of the Holy Spirit is prophecy. This gift is an identifying
mark of the remnant church and was manifested in the ministry of Ellen. G.
White . As the Lord's messenger, her writings are a continuing and authoritative
source of truth which provide for the church comfort, guidance, instruction,
and correction. They also make clear that the Bible is the standard by which
all teaching and experience must be tested. (Joel 2:28, 29; Acts 2:14-21; Heb.
1:1-3; Rev. 12:17; 19:10.)
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19.
The Law of God
The great principles of God's law are embodied in the Ten Commandments and
exemplified in the life of Christ. They express God's love, will, and purposes
concerning human conduct and relationships and are binding upon all people
in every age. These precepts are the basis of God's covenant with His people
and the standard in God's judgment. Through the agency of the Holy Spirit they
point out sin and awaken a sense of need for a Saviour. Salvation is all of
grace and not of works, but its fruitage is obedience to the Commandments.
This obedience develops Christian character and results in a sense of well-being.
It is an evidence of our love for the Lord and our concern for our fellow men.
The obedience of faith demonstrates the power of Christ to transform lives,
and therefore strengthens Christian witness. (Ex. 20:1-17; Ps. 40:7, 8; Matt.
22:36-40; Deut. 28:1-14; Matt. 5:17-20; Heb. 8:8-10; John 15:7-10; Eph. 2:8-10;
1 John 5:3; Rom. 8:3, 4; Ps. 19:7-14.)
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20.
The Sabbath
The beneficent Creator, after the six days of Creation, rested on the seventh
day and instituted the Sabbath for all people as a memorial of Creation. The
fourth commandment of God's unchangeable law requires the observance of this
seventh-day Sabbath as the day of rest, worship, and ministry in harmony with
the teaching and practice of Jesus, the Lord of the Sabbath. The Sabbath is
a day of delightful communion with God and one another. It is a symbol of our
redemption in Christ, a sign of our sanctification, a token of our allegiance,
and a foretaste of our eternal future in God's kingdom. The Sabbath is God's
perpetual sign of His eternal covenant between Him and His people. Joyful observance
of this holy time from evening to evening, sunset to sunset, is a celebration
of God's creative and redemptive acts. (Gen. 2:1-3; Ex. 20:8-11; Luke 4:16;
Isa. 56:5, 6; 58:13, 14; Matt. 12:1-12; Ex. 31:13-17; Eze. 20:12, 20; Deut.
5:12-15; Heb. 4:1-11; Lev. 23:32; Mark 1:32.)
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21.
Stewardship
We are God's stewards, entrusted by Him with time and opportunities, abilities
and possessions, and the blessings of the earth and its resources. We are responsible
to Him for their proper use. We acknowledge God's ownership by faithful service
to Him and our fellow men, and by returning tithes and giving offerings for
the proclamation of His gospel and the support and growth of His church. Stewardship
is a privilege given to us by God for nurture in love and the victory over
selfishness and covetousness. The steward rejoices in the blessings that come
to others as a result of his faithfulness. (Gen. 1:26-28; 2:15; 1 Chron. 29:14;
Haggai 1:3-11; Mal. 3:8-12; 1 Cor. 9:9-14; Matt. 23:23; 2 Cor. 8:1-15; Rom.
15:26, 27.)
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22.
Christian Behavior
We are called to be a godly people who think, feel, and act in harmony with
the principles of heaven. For the Spirit to recreate in us the character of
our Lord we involve ourselves only in those things which will produce Christlike
purity, health, and joy in our lives. This means that our amusement and entertainment
should meet the highest standards of Christian taste and beauty. While recognizing
cultural differences, our dress is to be simple, modest, and neat, befitting
those whose true beauty does not consist of outward adornment but in the imperishable
ornament of a gentle and quiet spirit. It also means that because our bodies
are the temples of the Holy Spirit, we are to care for them intelligently.
Along with adequate exercise and rest, we are to adopt the most healthful diet
possible and abstain from the unclean foods identified in the Scriptures. Since
alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and the irresponsible use of drugs and narcotics
are harmful to our bodies, we are to abstain from them as well. Instead, we
are to engage in whatever brings our thoughts and bodies into the discipline
of Christ, who desires our wholesomeness, joy, and goodness. (Rom. 12:1, 2;
1 John 2:6; Eph. 5:1-21; Phil. 4:8; 2 Cor. 10:5; 6:14-7:1; 1 Peter 3:1-4; 1
Cor. 6:19, 20; 10:31; Lev. 11:1-47; 3 John 2.)
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23.
Marriage and Family
Marriage was divinely established in Eden and affirmed by Jesus to be a lifelong
union between a man and a woman in loving companionship. For the Christian
a marriage commitment is to God as well as to the spouse, and should be entered
into only between partners who share a common faith. Mutual love, honor, respect,
and responsibility are the fabric of this relationship, which is to reflect
the love, sanctity, closeness, and permanence of the relationship between Christ
and His church. Regarding divorce, Jesus taught that the person who divorces
a spouse, except for fornication, and marries another, commits adultery. Although
some family relationships may fall short of the ideal, marriage partners who
fully commit themselves to each other in Christ may achieve loving unity through
the guidance of the Spirit and the nurture of the church. God blesses the family
and intends that its members shall assist each other toward complete maturity.
Parents are to bring up their children to love and obey the Lord. By their
example and their words they are to teach them that Christ is a loving disciplinarian,
ever tender and caring, who wants them to become members of His body, the family
of God. Increasing family closeness is one of the earmarks of the final gospel
message. (Gen. 2:18-25; Matt. 19:3-9; John 2:1-11; 2 Cor. 6:14; Eph. 5:21-33;
Matt. 5:31, 32; Mark 10:11, 12; Luke 16:18; 1 Cor. 7:10, 11; Ex. 20:12; Eph.
6:1-4; Deut. 6:5-9; Prov. 22:6; Mal. 4:5, 6.)
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24.
Christ's Ministry in the Heavenly Sanctuary
There is a sanctuary in heaven, the true tabernacle which the Lord set up and
not man. In it Christ ministers on our behalf, making available to believers
the benefits of His atoning sacrifice offered once for all on the cross. He
was inaugurated as our great High Priest and began His intercessory ministry
at the time of His ascension. In 1844, at the end of the prophetic period of
2300 days, He entered the second and last phase of His atoning ministry. It
is a work of investigative judgment which is part of the ultimate disposition
of all sin, typified by the cleansing of the ancient Hebrew sanctuary on the
Day of Atonement. In that typical service the sanctuary was cleansed with the
blood of animal sacrifices, but the heavenly things are purified with the perfect
sacrifice of the blood of Jesus. The investigative judgment reveals to heavenly
intelligences who among the dead are asleep in Christ and therefore, in Him,
are deemed worthy to have part in the first resurrection. It also makes manifest
who among the living are abiding in Christ, keeping the commandments of God
and the faith of Jesus, and in Him, therefore, are ready for translation into
His everlasting kingdom. This judgment vindicates the justice of God in saving
those who believe in Jesus. It declares that those who have remained loyal
to God shall receive the kingdom. The completion of this ministry of Christ
will mark the close of human probation before the Second Advent. (Heb. 8:1-5;
4:14-16; 9:11-28; 10:19-22; 1:3; 2:16, 17; Dan. 7:9-27; 8:13, 14; 9:24-27;
Num. 14:34; Eze. 4:6; Lev. 16; Rev. 14:6, 7; 20:12; 14:12; 22:12.)
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25.
The Second Coming of Christ
The second coming of Christ is the blessed hope of the church, the grand climax
of the gospel. The Saviour's coming will be literal, personal, visible, and
worldwide. When He returns, the righteous dead will be resurrected, and together
with the righteous living will be glorified and taken to heaven, but the unrighteous
will die. The almost complete fulfillment of most lines of prophecy, together
with the present condition of the world, indicates that Christ's coming is
imminent. The time of that event has not been revealed, and we are therefore
exhorted to be ready at all times. (Titus 2:13; Heb. 9:28; John 14:1-3; Acts
1:9-11; Matt. 24:14; Rev. 1:7; Matt. 24:43, 44; 1 Thess. 4:13-18; 1 Cor. 15:51-54;
2 Thess. 1:7-10; 2:8; Rev. 14:14-20; 19:11-21; Matt. 24; Mark 13; Luke 21;
2 Tim. 3:1-5; 1 Thess. 5:1-6.)
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26.
Death and Resurrection
The wages of sin is death. But God, who alone is immortal, will grant eternal
life to His redeemed. Until that day death is an unconscious state for all
people. When Christ, who is our life, appears, the resurrected righteous and
the living righteous will be glorified and caught up to meet their Lord. The
second resurrection, the resurrection of the unrighteous, will take place a
thousand years later. (Rom. 6:23; 1 Tim. 6:15, 16; Eccl. 9:5, 6; Ps. 146:3,
4; John 11:11-14; Col. 3:4; 1 Cor. 15:51-54; 1 Thess. 4:13-17; John 5:28, 29;
Rev. 20:1-10.)
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27.
The Millennium and the End of Sin
The millennium is the thousand-year reign of Christ with His saints in heaven
between the first and second resurrections. During this time the wicked dead
will be judged; the earth will be utterly desolate, without living human inhabitants,
but occupied by Satan and his angels. At its close Christ with His saints and
the Holy City will descend from heaven to earth. The unrighteous dead will
then be resurrected, and with Satan and his angels will surround the city;
but fire from God will consume them and cleanse the earth. The universe will
thus be freed of sin and sinners forever. (Rev. 20; 1 Cor. 6:2, 3; Jer. 4:23-26;
Rev. 21:1-5; Mal. 4:1; Eze. 28:18, 19.)
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28.
The New Earth
On the new earth, in which righteousness dwells, God will provide an eternal
home for the redeemed and a perfect environment for everlasting life, love,
joy, and learning in His presence. For here God Himself will dwell with His
people, and suffering and death will have passed away. The great controversy
will be ended, and sin will be no more. All things, animate and inanimate,
will declare that God is love; and He shall reign forever. Amen. (2 Peter 3:13;
Isa. 35; 65:17-25; Matt. 5:5; Rev. 21:1-7; 22:1-5; 11:15.)
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